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"After half a century exploring dialectical thought, renowned cultural critic Fredric Jameson presents a comprehensive study of a misunderstood yet vital strain in Western philosophy. The dialectic, the concept of the evolution of an idea through conflicts arising from its inherent contradictions, transformed two centuries of Western philosophy. To Hegel, who dominated nineteenth-century thought, it was a metaphysical system. In the works of Marx, the dialectic became a tool for materialist historical analysis. Jameson brings a theoretical scrutiny to bear on the questions that have arisen in the history of this philosophical tradition, contextualizing the debate in terms of commodification and globalization, and with reference to thinkers such as Rousseau, Lukacs, Heidegger, Sartre, Derrida, and Althusser. Through rigorous, erudite examination, Valences of the Dialectic charts a movement toward the innovation of a 'spatial' dialectic. Jameson presents a new synthesis of thought that revitalizes dialectical thinking for the twenty-first century."--Publisher description.
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In diesem Buch liefert Hans-Ulrich Wöhler einen repräsentativen geschichtlichen Überblick zum dialektischen Denken in der mittelalterlichen Philosophie. Untersucht werden ausgewählte Texte von Autoren unterschiedlicher sprachlicher, religiöser und philosophischer Provenienz aus dem Zeitraum zwischen dem 6. und dem 17. Jahrhundert. Die den Autor dabei leitende Frage lautet: Inwiefern dachten diese Denker in ihrer Philosophie dialektisch? Im Zentrum des Bandes steht somit die Beschreibung und Rekonstruktion von konkreten Äußerungs- und Anwendungsformen und vor allem von Inhalten eines dialektischen Denkens, unabhängig von ihrer Selbstkennzeichnung durch deren Urheber. Entscheidend für die Beantwortung der Leitfrage ist es, ob und in welcher Weise in den untersuchten Texten ein Verständnis für die Kompatibilität, die Relativität, die Vermittelbarkeit oder auch die Einheit von Gegensätzen artikuliert wird. Der gewählte zeitliche Rahmen integriert in die Darstellung nicht nur einige klassische Vertreter der Philosophie im lateinischen, islamischen und jüdischen Mittelalter, sondern er bezieht zugleich die Perioden der Rezeption und Aneignung des antiken Erbes am Anfang und des kritischen Rekurses darauf am Ende der Epoche ein.
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Logic --- Dialectic --- Philosophy. --- Dialectic. --- Metaphysics. --- Dialectic - Philosophy.
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The texts of the book are concerned with G. Bergmann's open and new problems and their active role on issues in contemporary metaphysics, like the ontology of ties, connexions and relations, problems of exemplification, substrates and tropes theories, particulars, persistence and the metaphysics of space, time and existence. Papers deal with these themes by themselves, or discuss them in an associated way: some of them aim to clarify the complicated conceptual Relations Bergmann have enlarged with major themes of philosophers like Aristotle, Brentano, Meinong and Sellars. The purpose of the bo
Phenomenology. --- Dialectic. --- Polarity --- Polarity (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, Modern --- Bergmann, Gustav,
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Logic. --- Logic --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology
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Logic. --- Logic --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology
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Philosophical Logic is a clear and concise critical survey of nonclassical logics of philosophical interest written by one of the world's leading authorities on the subject. After giving an overview of classical logic, John Burgess introduces five central branches of nonclassical logic (temporal, modal, conditional, relevantistic, and intuitionistic), focusing on the sometimes problematic relationship between formal apparatus and intuitive motivation. Requiring minimal background and arranged to make the more technical material optional, the book offers a choice between an overview and in-depth study, and it balances the philosophical and technical aspects of the subject. The book emphasizes the relationship between models and the traditional goal of logic, the evaluation of arguments, and critically examines apparatus and assumptions that often are taken for granted. Philosophical Logic provides an unusually thorough treatment of conditional logic, unifying probabilistic and model-theoretic approaches. It underscores the variety of approaches that have been taken to relevantistic and related logics, and it stresses the problem of connecting formal systems to the motivating ideas behind intuitionistic mathematics. Each chapter ends with a brief guide to further reading. Philosophical Logic addresses students new to logic, philosophers working in other areas, and specialists in logic, providing both a sophisticated introduction and a new synthesis.
Logic. --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology
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Une chambre est un espace d'intimité et de tranquillité, accommodé pour le confort et l'agrément, le sommeil, la détente, le désir. Elle est le cadre habituel de la rêverie, de la prière, de la sexualité, de la récupération de la santé. Mais la chambre est aussi un lieu public, une assemblée (chambre haute, chambre basse, chambre des lords...), l'endroit où l'on débat, le coeur de la politique. C'est entre l'intimité et la publicité de la chambre, ouvrant un nouvel espace, entre les deux, une nouvelle chambre, que se déploie la méditation philosophique. La philosophie habite la chambre du milieu. Les textes qui dessinent ici l'architecture de cette chambre rassemblent les grandes étapes d'une aventure de pensée qui commence avec la dialectique, se poursuit avec la déconstruction, se prolonge avec les recherches actuelles sur le cerveau et la plasticité neuronale. À la fin du XXe siècle, le cerveau n'apparaît plus comme un organe dénué de fonction symbolique. Il devient le lieu même de la subjectivité. Quelles conséquences cette prise en compte d'un nouvel objet a-telle rétrospectivement sur les discours qui l'ignoraient ? En quoi la conscience de notre cerveau change-t-elle nos façons de lire et de comprendre une réalité qui prend de ce fait une nouvelle ampleur ? Les problèmes abordés ici différence, négativité, genres et sexes, régénération, membres fantôme esquissent le nouveau corps, biologique et politique, qui vient se loger dans la chambre.
Dialectic. --- Deconstruction. --- Neurosciences. --- Dialectique --- Déconstruction --- Neurosciences --- Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, --- Déconstruction --- Cognitive science. --- Thought and thinking. --- Mental representation. --- Philosophy - 19th-21st centuries. --- Dialectique. --- Déconstruction.
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Logic --- Reasoning --- Informal logic --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Methodology
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This dictionary introduces undergraduate and post-graduate students in philosophy, mathematics, and computer science to the main problems and positions in philosophical logic. Coverage includes not only key figures, positions, terminology, and debates within philosophical logic itself, but issues in related, overlapping disciplines such as set theory and the philosophy of mathematics as well. Entries are extensively cross-referenced, so that each entry can be easily located within the context of wider debates, thereby providing a valuable reference both for tracking the connections between concepts within logic and for examining the manner in which these concepts are applied in other philosophical disciplines.
Logic --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Judgment (Logic)
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